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1. Which of the following is considered the earliest approach to management?

  • Scientific Management
  • Administrative Management
  • Classical Management
  • Prehistoric Management (e.g., early civilizations' organization)

2. Who is associated with the principles of Scientific Management?

  • Henri Fayol
  • Max Weber
  • Frederick Winslow Taylor
  • Elton Mayo

3. The Hawthorne Studies are primarily associated with which management approach?

  • Scientific Management
  • Human Relations Movement
  • Classical Management
  • Systems Theory

4. Which management approach emphasizes bureaucracy and formal structure?

  • Human Relations Movement
  • Contingency Theory
  • Classical Management
  • Systems Theory

5. The concept of 'division of labor' is most strongly associated with which management theorist?

  • Elton Mayo
  • Abraham Maslow
  • Henri Fayol
  • Douglas McGregor

6. Which management theory suggests that there is no one best way to manage, and the optimal approach depends on the situation?

  • Scientific Management
  • Classical Management
  • Contingency Theory
  • Human Relations Movement

7. The focus on employee motivation and needs is a hallmark of which management approach?

  • Bureaucratic Management
  • Human Relations Movement
  • Scientific Management
  • Classical Management

8. Which of the following is NOT a key element of Scientific Management?

  • Time and motion studies
  • Employee empowerment
  • Standardization of work
  • Scientific task design

9. The 'Theory X' and 'Theory Y' assumptions about human nature are attributed to:

  • Frederick Winslow Taylor
  • Henri Fayol
  • Douglas McGregor
  • Max Weber

10. Systems theory in management emphasizes:

  • Individual tasks
  • Interdependence of parts
  • Strict hierarchy
  • Employee autonomy only

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